As access to genetic testing increases, the psychological impact on individuals, their families, and society as a whole needs to be considered.
Studies have suggested that some people perceive genetic information as empowering, while others view this information negatively.
All reactions, positive and negative, are normal.
Positive reactions typically come from the new found ability to make more informed decisions regarding healthcare, lifestyle, job/career, environment, family planning and financial planning as well as from the explanation of previously unexplained symptoms. Common positive reactions include:
- relief
- empowerment
- increased self-esteem
Common negative reactions include:
- grief
- anger
- anxiety
- depression
- shame
- decreased self-esteem
- guilt (for having or not having a mutation)
Some people even experience conflicting positive and negative reactions.
Psychological support from mental health professionals, family, friends, subject experts, support groups, and genetic counselors may be needed to address negative reactions. Before having genetic testing, it can be helpful to set up a support system that includes some of the above individuals.